Writing drivers : UART dricers ,I2c,PCI ,RTC …different types of drivers….

study  manual of  particular chip(I2c,UART,PCI….) manual and know ports how they are connected from Processor to Chip w.r.t  Data lines ,address lines, Power pin etc…….

we have know memory mapping from RAM to processor and to chip.(how data lins are connected in different types of processors depends on their size either thay are 8 bit ,16 bit, 32 bit or 64 bit processors). 

Difference betwen IRQ and Polling is interrupt line is handled by interrupt handler ,data wil send to dispaly device through handler.

Polling is requested by processor that data  is avilable in FIFO of chip and get the data to dispaly on the device.

We have to know how each pin of Port (Each port contains 8 pins) if it is 6 port controller it contains  p0 to p5 ports.

P0 adn p2 are not used for spefic purpose.

remaining ports are used to connect to diffent types of peripherlas like different  chips.

GPIO:

OS porting:

1. Differnce Between Claas and Structure?

2. Data Abstraction ,Inheritance, polymorphism?

3. What is Operator Ovrerloading and Function Overloading?

4. What is Run Time and Compile Time Ploymorphism?

5. What is use of Virtual keyword in Multiple Inheritence?

6.What is Abstract Class?

7. What is Pure virtual Function?

8. What is Use of Virtual Pointers?

9. What are types of Constructors?

10. What is use of Copy Constructor?

11.What use  of  New (), Delete () ?

12. What is Use of  Name Space?

13.Where we will use STL (Standard Template Library)

14. How exactly Run Time Polymorphism Works?

or

How compiler can now which function(Base Class Function or Derived Class Function)  has to execute when both Base and Derived Class contains same function names , same no. of arguments and same return types?

or

Use of    Virtual pointers?

15.What are different types of Inheritance?

16. What is use of Scope Resolution Operator?

17. Where we use Friend Functions?

1. How to swap two var.s without using third variable?

int a,b;

a=a^b;

b=a^b;

a=a^b;

printf (”%d \n  %d\n”, a,b);

2. Reverse a string?

int main(void)

{

char s[40]=”india is the great country”;

int i,j;

char temp;

for(i=0; j=strlen(s)-1;i<j;i++,j–-)

temp=s[i],s[i]=s[j],s[j]=temp;

s[j]=’\0′;

printf(”%s”,s);

}

3.count no. of 1 ’s in decimal no?

int count (unsigned x)

{

int b;

for (b=0; x!=0; x>>=1)

{

if (x&01)

b++;

}

return b;

}

4. string concatentaion?

void strcat(char s[], char t[])

{

int i,j;

i=j=0;

while(s[i]!=’\0′)

i++;

while  (   (s[i++]=t[j++])    != ‘\0′)

;

printf (”%s”, t);

}

1.  Use of Static (Internal and External ) and  External Variable?

(Internal linkage and External linkage)

2.  Use of Storage classes?

(Auto (Local variables and Register variables)  and Static storage  (Static variables and external variables) )?

3. use of Volatile Variable?

(Restricts Compiler Optimization Facilities, used in Memory Mapped I/O registers)

4.Use of Function pointers?

(Calling function inside other function)

5.Memory segments  in RAM ?

Stack segment, Data Segment , Heap Segment,Code Segment

6. Difference between Data Segment and BSS?

Data segment is for Initialized variables, BSS (Block Storage Segment ) for  uninitialized variables.

ex: static int i=5;   (Stored in Data Segment )

static int i;  (Stored in BSS with  initial value of  0 )

7. Difference between Structure and Union?

Structure and Union are both combination of different data types but Unions are used access one member at a  time, and Unions allocate memory as which member takes more memory.

8. What are Preprocessor Activities?

1.File inclusion        (#include)

2.Macros  for substitution. (#define)

3.Conditional Inclusion  (#if    !defined     followed with #define )

9. Difference between  Macros and Inline Functions?

Macros are for substitution of expressions , done by preprocessor

Inline Functions will be used when function will be large.

Other  difference is with Macros there is no type check and with Inline Functions , Compiler will do the Type check.

10. What is Little endian ann Big endian machine?

Little Endian machine is having LSB (Least Significant Bit) at left side Ex. Intel Processors.

Big Endian machine is having LSB (Least Significant Bit) at Right  side Ex.Motorola Processors.

string copy program

int main()

{

char src[];

char des[];

int i;

while((des[i++]=src[i++])!=/0)

printf(”%s”,des);

}

Interview Questions in Samsung, Patni, Mphasis:

Difference between Process and Thread?

How to do Process synchronisation and Thread synchronisation?

Use of Counting semaphores and Mutex usage?

what is Purpose of  Boot loader?

where we will use Volatile variable?

what is difference between Macros and Inline functions?

How to do Initilization  in embedded system?

How   flash memory is execuated (either it is transfer to RAM or Directly from Processor)  ?

c program to find reverse of a string in single step

#include<stdio.h>

#include<string.h>  //For String  Length

int main(void)

{

          char s[40]=”india is the great country”;

          int i,j;

          char temp;

          for(i=0; j=strlen(s)-1;i<j;i++,j–)

         temp=s[i],s[i]=s[j],s[j]=temp;

        s[j]=’\0′;

        printf(”%s”,s);

 }

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